Wednesday, October 24, 2007

Battlefield Orders




(1.)Weaponry during WWI became much more sophisticated and many new devices were introduced. One of which was the flamethrower. It was used somewhat during WWI but became much more prominent in WWII. Portable flamethrowers worn on the back were used in short range combat, and this eventually lead to tank mounted flamethrowers that were used to destroy Dutch gun emplacements and fortifications. Tanks themselves became highly important in this war because they enabled men from both sides to navigate through the trenches and muddy battle field, all the while carrying large artillery that was used in long range combat. Machine guns also became a common piece of weaponry. Some German machine guns would shoot so fast that you could not discern one shot from the other, this made it a very deadly and useful weapon. Submarines changed combat on the water completely because it gave opponents a way to navigate through enemy lines without being detected, and they were also equipped with torpedoes that could take down enemy ships. Airplanes gave the military control of the sky by giving soldiers a way to drop large bombs on the enemy without injuring their own men. It was also a fast way to retreat. The 3" mortar had a high angle of flight that was perfect for aiming into the trenches. These weapons greatly affected the way that wars were fought from then on.

(2.) "No man's land," was a term used by soldiers to describe the land between two opposing trenches. The distances was usually around 250 feet across and contained a considerable amount of barbed wire.





(3.) Gas was used to disable or even to kill during WWI. Tear gas was a mild gas used as a tear-inducing irritant. The more severe disabling gas was mustard gas. It was not intended to kill, but to act as a battlefield pollutant. It caused blistering of the skin, irritation to the eyes, and vomiting. It also caused internal and external bleeding. It would strip off the mucous lining of the bronchial tubes and soldiers would die four to five days after the poisoning. More dangerous gases such as chlorine and phosgene were also used. Chlorine was a greenish gas that caused damage to the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. At high doses and prolonged exposure it would cause death by asphyxiation. Phosgene was more deadly than chlorine, however it took 24 hours for the affects of phosgene to take affect.


(4.) The Red Baron was a German fighter pilot during the first world war. He was famous because he shot down 80 enemy aircraft, more than any other pilot during the First World War. He got his nickname because he painted the fuselage of his plane a bright red. The Red Baron died when he got shot down by ground fire on April 21st 1918.


(5.) The Schlieffen Plan was a plan for German attack that involved 90% of German forces. It was a scythe-like attack through Holland, Belgium, and Luxumbourg. It used a two front strategy that required the men to take down one enemy quickly. The plan was only successful during the first month however, and then it failed.


(6.) The Assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand was originally a way for Serbia to gain independence from Austria-Hungry; however after the assassination Austria-Hungry quickly declared war against Serbia. Germany was dragged into the war because of a secret treaty that they made with Austria-Hungry. Serbia had similar alliances with Russia, who was united with France and England. In this way a single assassination started the First World War.


(7.) Helen Burrey went to work at the age of 14 at a department store in Pittsburgh. She worked there until she entered nursing school at St. Francis Hospital. When World War I began she volunteered to serve as an army nurse.


(8.)

(9.) Pal battalions were made up of whole groups of friends that go off together to war. They were promised that if they joined they would be kept together. This resulted in whole streets and towns leaving together to go to war. Pal battalions were a good strategy because when only 351 battalions were raised through the war office, 643 Pal battalions were formed locally.


Writing Extension


Dear Mother,

I am alive and well. As well as I can be I guess. I got a full meal toay for the first time in a long while. It came at a high price, however, because the meal was originally meant for the 150 men in my company, but there are only 80 of us left now.

The war has been harsh and cruel. I feel as though I have aged well beyond my years in the time that I have spent on the front line. I have seen men dead and dying. Some of them were my friends from school. The cause that I am fighting for suddenly does not seem as noble, or as patriotic. It is an unjust cause that sends young men into chaos before we've even gotten a chance to live. I have seen more then most men could ever imagine during my time on the front line. It has stamped out all of the innocence that I possessed just a year ago. The life I lead a year ago is no more than a dream to me. Now all I know is death, pain, hunger, and exhaustion. Yet some how I press on.

I am scared mother. Not just of the prospect of death, but also of returning home after the war. Nothing will be the same for me ever again. Things that once seemed important, don't seem at all relevant to my life anymore. My innocence and fasination with the world has been lost in a sea of bloodied trenches. I live a simple life now. All that mattrs to me is finding enough food to quell my ravenous hunger, finding five minutes to close my eyes to escape the delireum brought on by sleep- depravation, and most importantly, finding a way to survive just one more day on the front line. I do not know what I will do with myself when I come home. If I come home. For now I will keep striving to end this war. I will fight my hardest and hope that the next battle will spell an end to all the killing and destruction. It is going to take a long time for Germany to heal after such a terrible war, that has exhausted all of its men and resources. I miss you mother and I think of you every day. Don't worry to much about me. I think I'll be alright.

All my love,

Paul


Music and Lyrics


Imagine

By:John Lennon

Imagine there's no Heaven

It's easy if you try

No hell below us

Above us only sky

Imagine all the people

Living for today

Imagine there's no countries

It isn't hard to do

Nothing to kill or die for

And no religion too

Imagine all the people

Living life in peace

You may say that I'm a dreamer

But I'm not the only one

I hope someday you'll join us

And the world will be as one

Imagine no possessions

I wonder if you can

No need for greed or hunger

A brotherhood of man

Imagine all the people

Sharing all the world

You may say that I'm a dreamer

But I'm not the only one

I hope someday you'll join us

And the world will live as one


The lyrics of this song mimic Paul's attitude throughout the story, because the whole time Paul is on the front he is angry that there is so much killing and violence, and that he has been thrust into a fight that is not his own. He is sad that so many young men from his generation are being sent into the war before they have been given the chance to live their life. Paul cannot voice his opinions to anyone outside of the front line however because they do not know the horrors of the war and they would scoff at him or think he was being ridiculous. In a way Paul was the dreamer. He dreamt about what should have been, and could have been, had it not been for the war.



Reflection Through Art




I thought that this picture was a beautiful but haunting display of the pain and destrution that befell the Germans during WWI. It reflects the tone of the book because the angelical figure is like the innocence of all those being sent into battle too young, and the broken buildings are like the shattered innocence and shattered lives that were left after the young men braved the front lines. It really shows the lost and the hopelessness that was spoken of in the book.


Self Reflection


1.) I think that the work that I did on this project is pretty good. I like the picture that I found for the Writing portion of the project, and I think that the lyrics that I found fit the story well also. I was thourough in answering the questions in the battlefield orders, and I think that the letter that I wrote reflected the feelings that Paul had toward the war. Overall I think I did well.

2.) I do like this project becasue it is different, and the fact that we have an online blog is pretty cool and inventive.

3.) My work reflects my learning because we had to have an idea of the mood and tone of the war, and to get this we had to read and understand the book. We also had to have an idea of how thw war was conducted and what was used for weaponry, to discover this we had to do reasearch and read. The product of our work depends on whether or not we did these things.

4.) I learned that I have an opposition to war and violence and think that they sould be avoided if at all possible. I also learned that before reading this book I really didn't have a good idea of the toils and struggles that our soldiers have to go through. This project has given me a greater appriciation for all they they have done for us.

5.) I learned that war can be sensless and cruel. People in government keep vieing for first place and they never think about what that is doing to their soldiers and their families. I also learned that we need to take a better appriciation for our childhood. We are so carefree and we have our intire lives ahead of us, but people such as the boys in the story get their childhood taken away from them.


Interview

1.) What do you miss the most about home?

2.) If there was one thing that you could take out there with you, what would it be?

3.) What's the first thing that you are going to do when you come home?

4.) If you had the chance to make your decision over, would you still go to war?

5.) From your perspective is the war worth the consequences?

http://www.u.arizona.edu/~rstaley/wwlettr1.htm


Literary Analysis

Chapter 1

A. Paul gets his first full meal in a long while, but it comes at a high price because a meal that was originally meant for 150 men now feeds only 80 men. He also witnesses his friend Kemmerich dieing in the hospital after his leg has been amputated.
B. At the beginning of this chapter Paul is content. He has a full stomach and a chance to rest. Then he goes and visits his friend and it angers and saddens him that his friend has been dealt such a cruel fate at such a young age. He is also dreading the thought of writing home to the boy’s mother.
C.

Brothels:
Sentence- “…Leer, who wears a full beard and has a preference for the girls from officers brothels" (Remarque 3).
Def- A house of prostitution.
Disconcerted:
Sentence- “The cook was quite disconcerted as the facts dawned on him" (Remarque 4).
Def- having self-possession upset; thrown into confusion
D. The government is corrupt and uses false propaganda to correrce men into serving them. In this cartoon you see a German officer trying to pursuade a Mexican citizen to join the fight against the Americans in WWI by making false promises. The Gremans neede assistance during the war and would use any means nessesary to obtain it. The promise that the German is making is that Mexico will obtain a bit of the U.S. The caption underneath says "Some Promise," and I think that is because the U.S has a much stronger militia than Mexico; and why would Mexico want to go to war with a country economically stronger than their's when they can just jump the border and benefit from that economy. The promise that the German makes and the oberdity of the promise works to show how corrupt government can be and how far they can stretch the truth to get what they want.
E. In this chapter I began to learn how war can change a man. When you are confronted with so much death and turmoil you have to stifle your emotions in order for you to live your life day to day and not go insane.

Chapter 2

A. Paul realizes that everything in his life that once seemed important has lost its relevance. He contemplates how his generation has nothing besides war and fighting to look forward to in life. The older men had a chance to live before the war but all Balmer’s generation knows about life is death. Then Paul witnesses the death of his friend Kemmerich and the indifference of the doctors. This angers him further but he realizes that there are so many men dieing the doctors can't cry over every one or no one would recieve any help.
B. Paul feels lost as he contemplates his future. He knows nothing of women or starting a family and living life innocently back home does not seem real to him anymore. This thought angers him. He is also angry because the doctor does not pay much attention to his dieing friend, but at the same time he is understanding because the doctor sees so many dieing men every day that if he took the time to care about every one he would not have the time to treat anyone.

C.

Renunciation:
Sentence- “With our young, awakened eyes we saw that the classical conception of the Fatherland held by our teachers resolved itself here into a renunciation of personality…"(Remarque 22).
Def- an act or instance of relinquishing, abandoning, repudiating, or sacrificing something, as a right, title, person, or ambition
Discomfuture:
Sentence- “…he understood Himmelstoss, and apparently was not displeased at his discomfiture" (Remarque 24).
Def- disconcertion; confusion; embarrassment.
D. The government of seemingly rightious countries can be hypocritical to their own princepals. In this cartoon you see "The League," who is suppose to stand for public sentiment and peace treaties, using physical force to crush the rebellion. This fact that they are using such force completely contrdicts what they stand for. You also see "36 Fall Amendments" lieing beaten on the ground. I think this implies that the league is also contrdicting laws that they made in the past even though they are suppose to be the side fighting for what is good and right. This works to show how even the governments fighting for good can still be corrupt.
E. In this chapter I learned how easily your life can be changed, and how things that can seem so important lose their realivance sometimes. I also learned that when you are surrounded by death every day it does not seem as important or as terrible. You have to hold in your emotions in order to live and function.

Chapter 3

A. In this chapter Balmer's company recieves new recruits. They are surprised at how young the men are and they feel superior to them because they already have experienc the front line. Then Paul tells the story of how he and his friends took revenge on there corrupt commander Himmelstoss one night as he was walking home from a pub. They covered him in a bed sheet and beat him until he was thourghly angered and embarressed.
B. Paul feels important as he welcomes the young recruit in to the front line, but at the same thime he is frustrated that boys so young are being thrown into battle. He becomes giddy and light hearted however as he reminices about his revenge over Himmelstoss.
C.

Indefatigable:

Sentence- "...towering over them like a woodcutter the indefatigable Tjaden" (Remarque 49).

Def- incapable of being tired out; not yielding to fatigue; untiring.
Buffer:
Sentence- "And an old buffer was pleased to describe us as young heroes" (Remarque 50).

Def- a person or thing that shields and protects against annoyance, harm, hostile forces, etc., or that lessens the impact of a shock or reversal.
D. When fighting against one another countries can be callous and cruel and use all the cruel tricks they know including the element of surprise to gain power over other countries. In this cartoon they show a hand the has the word "Germany" written on it and it is coming up from the deep. This is because the Germans developed the submarine before other countries and they used it to there advantage. The caption reads, "Germany under all." This is because at that time Germany ruled the seas and they took down many opposing ships with their advanced technology. This cartoon displays how the element of surprise coupled with advanced technology can give a country an advantage over the others.

E. In this chapter I learned how people can feel superior based on their experiences and this will cause them to show off, even though they are the same age. I also learned howlittle joy soldiers ever get when they are in the war, and something like revenge against there corrupt commander is all that they need to lighten their spirets for years to come.

Chapter 4

A. Balmer and his company are sent out on wiring fatigue. While on the front they suffer a bombardment. One young recruit becomes so afraid that he buries his face in Paul's side. After the bombardment the young boy discovers that he has fowled himself. Balmer is understanding and tells him to just go behind a bush and take of his underpants. Later on he finds the same young boy dieing from a grevious wound.
B. Paul acts empathetic towards the young boy in the beginning of the chapter. Later when he finds the boy again he is saddened and angery that someone so young and naive had to die this way.
C.

Aspirants:

Sentence- "Kat, I hear some aspirants for the frying-pan over there "(Remarque 52).

Def- Seeking recognition, distinction, or advancement.

Annihilation:

Sentence- "In the spasm of terror, under the hailing of annihilation..."(Remarque 55).

Def- destruction by annihilating something
D. The governments of smaller countries use bigger countries that are there allies to excape trouble from their opponents. In this cartoon a British political figure, John Bull, is hiding behind the American flag to avoid confrontation. He is using the the fear of trouble with American forces to benefit himself. The submarine is not attacking in the cartoon. This is because there is hesitation because he understands that the fight would not just be with Britain. The governments of other countries would shield themselves with America's power to aviod battle.
E. In this chapter I learned how fear can make you revert to childlike behavior. I also learned that situations of turmoil and fear can bring complete strangers together, and can make you very understanding.

Chapter 5

A. Paul and his company suffer from lice. They found that the best way to kill them is to throw them into a hot frying-pan. While they sit there picking off each individual louse they talk about what they will do after the war. Paul doesn't know what he will do with his life after the war. Himmelstoss arrives at the front unexpectedly and Tjaden and Kropp anger him. They have to go to C.B. for three days. Meanwhile, Balmer and Kat go to a nearby farm and Paul jumps the fence and steals a goose. They cook it and share it with Tjaen and Kropp.
B.
Paul is pretty content in this chapter. He gets a good meal and shares it with his friends.
C.

Laconically:

Sentence- "How does the cow-shit come on the roof? retorts Muller laconically, and turns to Haie Westhus again" (Remarque 78).

Def- using few words; expressing much in few words; concise
Evade:

Sentence- He tries to evade the question, but in the end had to confess, for Kropptells the same story" (Remarque 90).

Def- to escape from by trickery or cleverness
D. Leaders are often cowardly and have been put in a possition that they do not deserve. In this picture you see soldiers on a ship that is on the Allied side of WWI, and although they are superior to the Germans the captain still wants to call for help before they attack. This shows that he is someone not fit for the possition, but was thrown into it due to the war. The captain is looking out of his spyglas and wants help before he evn begins to confront the Germans. He was probebly never ment for the job, just like many other officers in that time, but despret times call for despret measures. Undeserving leaders could spell disaster for there troops because if their leader does not have the courage to fight then they will also faulter.
E. In this chapter I learned how to dispose of head lice. I also learned how friends can be so close that all they have to do is sit together to be content. During war firneds grow so close that their relationship is beyond words.

Chapter 6

A. Paul notices that the rats are becoming more abundant because the trenches are being blown to pieces. They are forced to hide out in a deep concrete bunker. It is a good thing that the bunker is so deep becasue it shealds tem from the bombs and the gas. Some of the bunkers are shallow and the men inside are not as lucky. The Company is forced to stay in the dark bunker so long that Balmer witnesses many new recruits go crazy. Some of them leave the bunker and go running wildly through heavy fire. They don't make it very far. The bunker is cramped and the men don't have very much food to eat. They counterattack and drive the enemies back to their line. After the battle ends there are only 32 left in Balmer's company.
B. Balmer feels cramped hungry and exausted in the bunker during this chapter. He also is afraid for the lives of the recruts who are having a very hard time dealing with their conditions.
C.

Parapet:

Sentence- "Every man is aware of the heavy shells tearing down the parapet..." (Remarque 106).

Def- a defensive wall or elevation, as of earth or stone, in a fortification.
Automatons:

Sentence- "The brown earth, the torn, blasted earth, with a greasy shine under the sun's rays; the earth is the background of this restless, gloomy world of automatons..." (Remarque 115).

Def- a mechanical figure or contrivance constructed to act as if by its own motive power
D. The more someone is provoked, the more they will retailiate. In this cartoon you see a submarine sinking a U.S. ship. The submarines were superior to the ships, and the ships didn't stand a chance against them. On the side of the ship is written "U.S. Patience." The sinking of this ship represents they end of patience in the U.S. government and the beginning of retailiation. Someone can only be pushed so far before they hit there breaking point.
E. In this chapter I learned how pitiful the conditions of the soldiers can be. It made me think how lucky I am to get a full meal and a clean bed every night. I life that is devoid of rats, and lice, and violence. The men truley are brave to risk their lives like they do day after day. I learned that when put under such strenuous situations however, some men break and lose their minds.

Chapter 7

A. Himmelstoss warms up to the rest of the company after he spends time in the trenches. The men begin to accept him after he supplies them with food and cigars. Paul and some friends go swimming and they meet some women. Later they meet the women again and Paul has sex for the first time. Shortly afterwards Paul gets leave and goes home to his family. When he reaches home however he feels awkward and uncomfortable. He gets frustrated with then older men because they still see war as a good and glorious thing.
B.
Paul is elated when he is invited to go visit the women. However, that was the first time he had ever had sex and it left him confused and upset. Then he recieves leave and the experience of being home once again just makes him uncomfortable and anxious. He is also angry becasue the men back home make judgments about the war and the soldiers fighting even though they know nothing about it.
C.

Billeted:

Sentence- "The houses in which we were billeted lie near the canal" (Remarque 143).

Def- to direct (a soldier) by ticket, note, or verbal order, where to lodge.
Disquietude:

Sentence- "My disquietude grows" (Remarque 172).

Def- the state of disquiet; uneasiness.
D.
Criminals can be cowards that want to commit the crime but not face the music afterwards. The caption of this cartton is "Did they evre catch the guy who shot Archduke Ferdinand?" Archduke Ferdinand was murdred and that's what started WWI. The man in the pic is old and looks as though he has been hiding out on the deserted island for a long time, but when his rescuers arrive he first asks them if the culpret was ever caught. It is obvious that he is the killer and wants to make sure someone else has been blamed for the crime in his place. He is a coward and does not want to get blamed for the murder of the Archduke, or the millions of men who died during the war he started.

E. In this chapter I learned that it can be hurtful to others when you make judgements before you have had the experience or know the facts.

Chapter 8

A. Balmer goes to a soldier's camp and enjoys the beauty of the scenery. He was put in charge of guarding the Russian prisoners and he began to pity them. He realized they they were men too, and that they were just trying to defend their country. He gives them cigarettes and potatoe cakes before he returns to the front line.
B. Balmer feels at peace at the beginning of the chapter because he is surrounded by a peaceful atmosphere and beautiful scenery. Then he discovers the Russian prisoners and they fill him with pity.
C.

Furtively:

Sentence- "They have dysentary; furtively many of them display the blood-stained tails of their shirts" (Remarque 190).

Def-taken, done, used, etc., surreptitiously or by stealth; secret
Condemnation:

Sentence- "...then for some years together that very crimeon which formaly the world's condemnation and severest penalty fall, becomes our highest aim" (Remarque 194).
D.
People are violent and stubborn, and they don't always learn from their mistakes. In this cartton you see Hitler's father reading a paper about the end of the war and saying to his son that he hopes that is the end of war. This is ironic because one generation later and his son starts the next World War. Hitler is standing in the cartoon and is emotionless. It shows how he is not even trying to learn from the mistake. Stubborn and violent attitudes can be dangerous.
E. In this chapter I saw how situations such as Paul's can make you feel compassion for your enemies because you can empathize with them.

Chapter 9

A.
Balmer returns to the front line and is glad to be back around his friends. The Kaiser comes to evaluate them when he returns and he gives a medal to Himmelstoss. Then they go back up to the front line and engage in another battle near a grave site. During the bombardment Paul gets stuck in a shell hole and while there a French prisoner stumbles into the hole as well. Paul is so frightened that he immediatly stabs the man and then must witness him bleed to death.
B. Balmer is happy when he first returns to the front line because he is back in his element, but this feeling quickly leaves him when the bombardments start again. Balmer must deal with killing a man face to face for the first time. He is left distraught and remorseful but Kat cheers him up.
C.

Assents:

Sentence- "True, assents Tjaden, but no war at all would be better still" (Remarque 206).

Def- Agreement; concurrence
Extenuation:

Sentence- "That is the result of all this leave, I plead in extenuation" (Remarque 211).

Def- a partial excuse to mitigate censure; an attempt to represent an offense as less serious than it appears by showing mitigating circumstances
D. During times of desparation unworthy men may be thrown into possitions of power that they don't know what to do with. In this cartton you see a soldier telling an officer that the captain needs to know a word that rhymes with orange. Not only does this show that the captain does not know how to handle himself in battle, but also that the lives of hundreds of men have been put in the hands of an idiot because there are no words that rhyme with orange. There are bombs going of in the background of the cartoon. However, the captain is playing games. This shows just how unworthy some leaders can be. Someone's title may not fit there qualifications.
E. In this chapter I learned that mistakes are made but you have to let them go and continue to live your life, but sometimes it takes a friend to help you through those situations.

Chapter 10

A.
Balmer and seven others go to guard an abandoned village. They find meat, vegetables, and other sources of food and they decide to cook a feast. They have to cook while bombs fall on the village and eventually are forced back into a bunker where they eat their feast. As they are leaving the village Paul and Albert get injured and have to be sent to a Catholic hospital. Albert's wound is so severe that he loses his leg, but Paul's heals without complication. Both Paul and Albert make friends with the others in the ward.
B. Paul is emensly happy through the majority of this chapter. He is happy at the beggining because he recieves a very good meal. When he is injured he is in pain but the fact that he is pampered and well feed makes up for it. It saddens him however when Albert struggles with the loss of his leg.
C.

Fastidious:

Sentence- "Tjaden has become so fastidious that he onlyhalf smokes his cigars" (Remarque 238)

Def- excessively particular, critical, or demanding; hard to please
Surreptitiously:

Sentence- "Now I see that he is tormenting me, he is merely raking about the wound and looking at me surreptitiously" (Remarque 243)
D.
In times of war emn may be thrown into possitions that they are not ment for. In this cartoon you see an ordinary man staring at his shadow that looks like a soldier on a wall. This shows how ordinary working class people can get thrown into a deadly situation that they are not cut out for during war times. He looks as though he is a chubby 40 year lod father figure, not someone that would be shooting people on a battle field. This shows that the army would take just about anybody able bodied. Many men are sent into battle that aren't capable menatlly or physically to handle such a job.
E. In this chapter you see the power of strong friendships, because Paul stuck beside Albert the whole time he was ill evn though he could have gone closer to home.

Chapter 11

A.
Balmer returns to the front line after his leg has healed. All of his comrades are dieing off. Detering tries to run home but gets caught by the soldiers dogs and put into confinement. The Germans are losing because they don't have as many resources or as many men as the opposing side. The summer of 1918 was the bloodiest of all. It is also the time that Kat gets killed as Paul was trying to carry his injured body to safety.
B. This chapter leads to a deep depression in Balmer. All of his friends are being killed off, and some go crazy and try to run. The breaking point for Balmer however, is when Kat gets injured and Paul tries to carry him to the dressing station only to arrive there to see that his best frined was killed by a piece of shrapnel.
C.

Evasively:

Sentence- "Surely I can pick a cherry blossom if I want to!, he replied evasively..." (Remarque 276).

Def- Intentionally vague or ambiguous; equivocal
Aberration:

Sentence- "Anyone might have known that his flight was only homesickness and a momentary aberration" (Remarque 277)

Def- the act of departing from the right, normal, or usual course.
D. The rich are given unjust benefits that others are not because they can pay for it. In this cartton you see rich men crawling through a "loophole" and pointing a middle class man to a turnstile to pay taxes. This shows that if you have enough money in our country you can pay your way out of just about anything. The poor man is still sent to the turnstill to pay his taxes. It is unfair that he does not get the same advantage as the richer men. You would think that the rich men who have money to spare would have to pay more taxes not less.

E. In this chapter I learned how powerful a friendship can be and how badly you can be affected if it ends.

Chapter 12

A.
Paul is the last of the original seven. He recieves fourteen days leave for swallowing gas. He is hopless and has submitted to his fate whatever it may be. On October 1918 he is killed on the front line.
B. Paul is utterly depressed and hopeless by this point. I think that he welcomed death.
C.

Armistice:

Sentence- "The armistice is coming soon, I believe it now too" (Remarque 293)

Def- a temporary suspension of hostilities by agreement of the warring parties; truce
Melancholy:

Sentence- "But perhaps all this that I think is mere melancholy and dismay, which will fly away as the dust..."

Def- a gloomy state of mind, esp. when habitual or prolonged; depression.
D. People are slow to act and they can let a situation grow out of control before they do anything about it. In this cartton you see opposing sides od WWI written on logs that have all caught fire and are raging wildly. This shows how quickly tempers can flare and grow out of control. To the side of the cartoon you see a hose that has the word peace written on it. This is what it takes to extengush the fire but no one seems to be taking action. More people need to stand up and stop the violence.
E.
In this chapter I learned that without support from friends and family, someone might begin to lose the desire to live.

Works Cited
-http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWpals.htm
-http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/historian/hist_keegan_03_pals.html
-http://www.murphsplace.com/mother/mom2.html
-http://www.worldwar1.com/tlbtw.htm#diag
-http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/trenchlife.htm
-http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWtrench.htm
-http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/index.htm
-http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/richthofen.htm
-http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/plans.htm












-http://www.private-art.com/